Other religions
YOUCAT Catechism +
Catechism of the Catholic Church Lesson 136
Ave Maria series
136 How does the Church view
other religions?
The Church respects everything in other religions that is
good and true. She respects and promotes
freedom of religion as a human right.
Yet she knows that Jesus Christ is the sole redeemer of all
mankind. He alone is “the way, and the
truth, and the life” (John 14:6). [841-848]
St. Paul delivering the sermon about the Unknown God to the
Athenians at the Areopagus (Acts of the Apostles 17:22-28). Painting by Raphael (1515). …..136
Whoever seeks God is close to us Christians. There is a special degree of “affinity” to
the Muslims. Like Judaism and
Christianity, Islam is one of the monotheistic religions. The Muslims, too, revere God the Creator and
Abraham as their father in faith. Jesus
is considered a great prophet in the Qur’an; Mary, his Mother, as the mother of
a prophet. The Church teaches that all
men who by no fault of their own do not know Christ and his Church but sincerely
seek God and follow the voice of their conscience can attain eternal
salvation. However, anyone who has
recognized that Jesus Christ is “the way, and the truth, and the life” but is
unwilling to follow him cannot find salvation by other paths. This is what is meant by the saying, Extra
ecclesiam nulia salus (outside of the Church there is no salvation). 199
Religious Freedom:
The right of every man to follow his conscience in choosing and
practicing his religion. Acknowledgment
of religious freedom is not saying that all religions are equal or equally
true.
[841-848]
The Church and
non-Christians
841 The Church's relationship with the Muslims. "The plan of
salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place
amongst whom are the Muslims; these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and
together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last
day."(Lumen gentium 16; compare
Nostra aetate 3)330 –Catechism of the Catholic Church, Second Edition
842 The Church's bond
with non-Christian religions is in the first place the common origin and
end of the human race:
All
nations form but one community. This is so because all stem from the one stock which
God created to people the entire earth, and also because all share a common
destiny, namely God. His providence, evident goodness, and saving designs
extend to all against the day when the elect are gathered together in the holy
city. . . (Nostra
aetate 1)331 –CCC
843 The Catholic Church recognizes in other religions that
search, among shadows and images, for the God who is unknown yet near since he
gives life and breath and all things and wants all men to be saved. Thus, the
Church considers all goodness and truth found in these religions as "a
preparation for the Gospel and given by him who enlightens all men that they
may at length have life." (Lumen gentium 16;
compare Nostra aetate 2; Evangeli
nuntiandi 53)332 –CCC
844 In their religious behavior, however, men also display
the limits and errors that disfigure the image of God in them:
Very
often, deceived by the Evil One, men have become vain in their reasonings, and
have exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and served the creature rather than
the Creator. Or else, living and dying in this world without God, they are
exposed to ultimate despair.( Lumen
gentium 16;
compare Romans 1:21,
25)333 –CCC
845 To reunite all his children, scattered and led astray by
sin, the Father willed to call the whole of humanity together into his Son's
Church. The Church is the place where humanity must rediscover its unity and
salvation. The Church is "the world reconciled." She is that bark
which "in the full sail of the Lord's cross, by the breath of the Holy
Spirit, navigates safely in this world." According to another image dear
to the Church Fathers, she is prefigured by Noah's ark, which alone saves from
the flood.(St. Augustine, Serm. 96,7,9:Patrologia Latina 38,588; St.
Ambrose, De virg. 18 118:Patrologia Latina 16,297B;
compare already 1 Peter 3:20-21)334 –CCC
846 How are we to understand this affirmation, often
repeated by the Church Fathers? (compare Cyprian, Ep. 73.21:Patrologia Latina 3,1169; De unit.:Patrologia Latina
4,509-536)335 Re-formulated positively,
it means that all salvation comes from Christ the Head through the Church which
is his Body:
Basing
itself on Scripture and Tradition, the Council teaches that the Church, a
pilgrim now on earth, is necessary for salvation: the one Christ is the
mediator and the way of salvation; he is present to us in his body which is the
Church. He himself explicitly asserted the necessity of faith and Baptism, and
thereby affirmed at the same time the necessity of the Church which men enter
through Baptism as through a door. Hence they could not be saved who, knowing
that the Catholic Church was founded as necessary by God through Christ, would
refuse either to enter it or to remain in it.( Lumen
gentium 16;
compare Mark 16:16; John 3:5)336 –CCC
847 This affirmation is not aimed at those who, through no
fault of their own, do not know Christ and his Church:
Those
who, through no fault of their own, do not know the Gospel of Christ or his
Church, but who nevertheless seek God with a sincere heart, and, moved by
grace, try in their actions to do his will as they know it through the dictates
of their conscience - those too may achieve eternal salvation.( Lumen
gentium 16;
compare Denzinger-Schönmetzer 3866-3872)337
–CCC
848 "Although in
ways known to himself God can lead those who, through no fault of their own,
are ignorant of the Gospel, to that faith without which it is impossible to
please him, the Church still has the obligation and also the sacred right to
evangelize all men."(Ad
gentes 7;
compare Hebrews 11:6; 1
Corinthians 9:16)338 –CCC
Apostle Saint Paul
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